Horror is a genre of literature, film, and television that is meant to scare, startle, shock, and even repulse audiences. The key focus of a horror novel, horror film, or horror TV show is to elicit a sense of dread in the reader through frightening images, themes, and situations. In the horror genre, story and characters are just as important as mood and atmosphere. A horror story often shocks and provokes with its exploration of the unknown.
The horror genre in literature dates back to Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome, where horror stories explored themes related to death, demons, evil spirits, and the afterlife. Examples include the ancient Greek tragedy Hippolytus by Euripides, a gruesome story about how jealousy and a lack of empathy can lead to tragedy; and Parallel Lives by Plutarch, a series of biographies highlighting the many moral failures of man.
The gothic novel, a genre of horror that focuses specifically on death, originated in the eighteenth century and is exemplified by the author Edgar Allan Poe. Horror literature in the nineteenth century and twentieth centuries often focused on tales involving occult ideas, like Mary Shelly’s Frankenstein (1818) or Bram Stoker’s Dracula (1897).
Modern horror novels have expanded the genre to include new elements and contemporary themes, like serial killers and slasher stories—Stephen King’s The Shining (1977) is a perfect example—as well as genre mashups that combine horror with historical fantasy, and modern interpretations of fantastical creatures, like ghosts, vampires, werewolves, and witches. Continue reading from MasterClass
A Brief History of Gothic Horror (NYPL)
The Horror Genre Is Older Than You Think: A New History (FlavorWire)
Your Guide to the Horror Sub-Genres (Book Riot)
The Gothic Novel (Encyclopedia Britannica)
Spine-Chillers and Suspense: A Timeline of Gothic Fiction (BBC)
The First Horror Movie & the History of the Horror Genre (NYFA)
7 Tips for Writing Supernatural Horror (Writer's Digest)
10 Tips For Writing Horror From The Masters Of The Genre (Bustle)
How To Write Scary Novels Infused With Fun and Humor (Writer's Digest)
How to Write a Horror Story in 7 Steps (MasterClass)
Nuts and Bolts: Writing Tips From Master of Horror Joe R. Lansdale (Horror Writers Association)
6 Secrets to Creating and Sustaining Suspense (Writer's Digest)
What Teaching Shakespeare Taught Me About Writing Horror (Literary Hub)
Underrated Horror Novels to Read with the Lights Down Low (Penguin Random House)
Click If You Dare: 100 Favorite Horror Stories (NPR)
10 Works of Literary Horror You Should Read (Literary Hub)
Best Books of 2023: Horror (Powell's Books)
The 50 Best Horror Novels of All Time (Paste Magazine)
30 of the Scariest Horror Books Ever Written (Good Housekeeping)
The 25 Best Horror Books: 2023 (Book Riot)
The 56 Best Horror Books of All Time (Reader's Digest)
Horror: The 100 Best Books (GoodReads)
20 of the Scariest Books You'll Ever Read (AARP)